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Making Blackness Visible: Why Counting Morena and Afro-Latino Populations is Critical for Census Equity

About 6 million U.S. adults identify as Afro-Latino. As the 2030 Census is redesigned, advocates warn that failing to count Blackness within Latinidad weakens civil rights and representation for Black and Latino communities alike.

Graphic of a census form with the boxes Black and Hispanic or Latino both checked, and the words “Count us. Fully.”

An estimated 6 million U.S. adults identify as Afro-Latino, making up approximately 12% of the total Hispanic population and 2% of the overall adult population in the United States. Yet, despite representing millions of lives, cultural intersections, and histories, a pervasive feeling persists that Afro-Latinos are not being heard, politically recognized, or accurately captured by the traditional standards of the U.S. Census.

With the recently passed November 2, 2026 public comment deadline concerning proposed structural overhauls to the 2030 decennial census, a powerful, multi-organizational coalition of individuals and civil rights groups is speaking out. Their message is clear: failing to explicitly count and recognize Blackness within the Latino diaspora erodes civil rights, dilutes political representation, and weakens civic engagement for both African American and Latino communities alike.

The Data Gap: Millions of Afro-Latinos Face Erasure

A foundational study from the Pew Research Center highlights the vast scope of this population. The data reveals that Afro-Latino identity exists multi-dimensionally along lines of race, ancestry, and deep cultural roots tied to Latin America’s colonial history.

About 6 million U.S. adults identify as Afro-Latino: 12% of U.S. Latino adults and 2% of all U.S. adults. About 1 in 7 Afro-Latinos, roughly 800,000 adults, do not identify as Hispanic.
Source: Pew Research Center

Demographic insight (Pew Research data):

  • U.S. adults identifying as Afro-Latino: ~6 million
  • Share of the U.S. Latino population: 12%
  • Afro-Latinos who do not identify with the political label “Hispanic”: 1 in 7 (~800,000 adults)
  • U.S. Latino adults who self-identify as having African descent: 25% (1 in 4)

Despite these significant numbers, the standard framework of the U.S. Census Bureau has historically failed to adequately parse this intersection. In the decennial census, “Hispanic/Latino” has traditionally been treated as an ethnicity, while respondents must choose a separate racial category (such as White, Black, or American Indian).

Research from the UCLA Latino Policy & Politics Institute underscores that this format forces a false dichotomy: current census datasets heavily undercount Afro-Latinxs because the bureau’s standard definitions often culturally decouple Blackness from Latinidad. Many phenotypically Black or morena (dark-skinned) individuals do not select the “Black” racial box because they do not feel the standard U.S. definition captures their identity, leading to systemic under-counting.

Unity in Blackness: Why Counting Afro-Latinos Strengthens the Black Vote

Crucially, advocates emphasize that counting Afro-Latinos does not diminish, split, or negate the count of the broader Black population in America—because Afro-Latinos are Black people.

Within U.S. politics, a persistent, manufactured anxiety exists that creating specialized categories for Afro-descendant Latinos will siphon numbers away from African American population counts. Civil rights demographers argue the exact opposite is true. When census instruments fail to capture the intersection of Blackness and Latinidad, millions of Afro-Latinos check the “Some Other Race” box or select “White” out of structural confusion.

By actively clarifying that Blackness encompasses the entire African Diaspora—including those of Caribbean, Central, and South American descent—the census actually prevents the undercounting of Black people as a whole. A precise, inclusive count ensures that federal resources and political representation tied to the Black demographic accurately reflect the true, expansive size of the Black population in the United States. Rather than a zero-sum game, recognizing Afro-Latinidad is a mechanism to fortify and expand total Black political power.

The High Stakes of the 2030 Census Changes

The demand for accurate data has reached a boiling point due to recent regulatory battles. The Census Bureau extended its deadline to November 2, 2026, for the public to submit formal feedback on highly controversial proposed rules for the 2030 Census. The proposal included plans to entirely remove race and ethnicity questions from the core decennial questionnaire, relying instead on smaller, less resourced samplings like the American Community Survey.

For Afro-Latinos, the implications of these changes are devastating. Activists and civil rights groups spent decades fighting to make Blackness visible within Latino communities by demanding that racial data be disaggregated. Removing or flattening these questions obscures the distinct systemic challenges Afro-Latinos experience. According to Pew Research, Afro-Latinos report significantly darker skin tones and face disproportionately higher rates of police stops and discrimination compared to lighter-skinned Latinos.

When the government lacks accurate data on who is Black and Latino, it cannot effectively track discrimination, enforce the Voting Rights Act, or target resources toward closing disparities in health care and housing.

A United Front: Organizations Demanding Representation

An intersectional network of advocates is rallying to ensure that morena and Black-identifying Latino individuals are fully counted. National organizations are building a unified front rather than acting in isolation:

  • Afro-Latino Association for Policy and Advocacy (ALAPA): Operating on the frontline of systemic change since 2017, ALAPA acts as a vital resource center, policy advocacy engine, and safe space. Its core mission centers on uniting Black and Latino communities, driving Afro-Latino engagement to increase critical policy and program initiatives, and delivering essential representation, support services, and community information. By bridging spaces where Blackness is traditionally edited out of Latino conversations and Latinidad is overlooked in Black ones, ALAPA fights to ensure public policy treats individuals as “Black and Latino. Both, fully.”
  • Latino Victory: This organization launched the Afro Latinas Lead initiative to address the critical lack of political representation. Despite there being 6 million Afro-Latinos in the country, there has historically been a stark absence of publicly identifying Afro-Latinas in the halls of Congress.
  • Civil Rights Coalitions: Organizations such as LatinoJustice PRLDEF, the Legal Defense Fund (LDF), Black Voters Matter, and the National Coalition on Black Civic Participation have combined forces. They explicitly connect the preservation of demographic data to the protection of democracy and minority voting power.
  • Grassroots and Digital Mobilization: Leading up to the November 2026 deadline, coalitions like Hands Off Our Census mobilized thousands of individuals to submit formal protests to regulations.gov under docket USBC-2026-0628.

Increasing Census Engagement Across Black and Latino Communities

There is a profound operational need to explicitly identify and engage morena and Black Latino populations. Bridging this gap serves as a powerful mechanism to increase overall census participation and civic mobilization for both broader African American and Latino communities.

Historically, census outreach has treated Black and Latino communities as completely separate monoliths. This approach leaves individuals at the intersection—such as millions of Caribbean-rooted Americans of Dominican or Puerto Rican descent—feeling alienated by both strategies. When federal and local campaigns use language and categories that honor moreno and Afro-descendant identities, it fosters deep-seated trust.

By designing census questions and local civic programs that validate the dual experience of being Black and Hispanic, the country can tap into under-engaged demographics. Far from dividing communities, this intersectional approach builds a necessary bridge. Greater inclusion directly translates to fairer congressional apportionment, more equitable federal funding for urban neighborhoods, and a stronger unified front against the systemic dilution of minority voting power. To build a reflective democracy, the U.S. government must first look at its people clearly—and that begins by counting every dimension of Black Latinidad.


Dr. Richard Nuñez-Lawrence is the founding Executive Director of the Afro-Latino Association for Policy and Advocacy (ALAPA).

ALAPA, the Afro-Latino Association for Policy & Advocacy, is a New York nonprofit for Afro-Latinos across the Americas and the Caribbean.